Improving the representation of hail in the Thompson microphysics scheme

Abstract Methods to improve the representation of hail in Thompson-Eidhammer microphysics scheme are explored. A new two-moment and predicted density graupel category is implemented into scheme. Additionally, one-moment category’s intercept parameter modified, based on observations, shift properties become more hail-like since designed represent both hail. Finally, methods diagnose maximum expected size at surface aloft implemented. The original version, newly modified (to be hail-like) version evaluated using a case that occurred during Plains Elevated Convection Night (PECAN) field campaign, which hail-producing storms merged strong mesoscale convective system. three versions for their ability predict sizes compared observed from storm reports estimated radar, radar reflectivity signatures various altitudes, cold-pool features like temperature wind speed. One key benefit simulated values upper-levels discrete clearly improved. This improvement coincides with significant reduction areal extent aloft, also seen when updated better able wide variety surface, including large (> 2-inch diameter) was this case.